/* Monarchy article reading experience (articles-read-1027).
   Scope: .ar = <article class="res-page fa-art ar">. Theme-aware through the site palette in css/style.css
   (--ink, --ink-2, --ink-3, --bone*, --line*, --brand) and html[data-theme="light"].
   --tysk-blue is the accent of the "Things you should know" category. Final: #4D8EFF dark, #1F5FD6 light (matches the hub). */
:root{--tysk-blue:#4D8EFF}html[data-theme="light"]{--tysk-blue:#1F5FD6}
.ar{--ar-accent:var(--tysk-blue);--ar-accent-soft:color-mix(in srgb,var(--tysk-blue) 14%,transparent);--ar-text:rgba(245,242,236,.86);--ar-col:40rem;
  padding-top:5.2rem!important;padding-bottom:5rem;max-width:none!important;width:auto!important}
html[data-theme="light"] .ar{--ar-text:rgba(26,26,26,.86)}
.ar [id]{scroll-margin-top:96px}
/* ---------- masthead ---------- */
.ar-top{max-width:72rem;margin:0 auto;padding:0 2rem}
.ar .ar-head{max-width:52rem;margin:3.2rem auto 0;padding:0;text-align:left}
.ar .ar-head .art-kicker{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:.8rem;margin:0 0 1.6rem}
.ar .ar-cat{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:.5rem;border:1px solid color-mix(in srgb,var(--ar-accent) 55%,transparent)!important;background:var(--ar-accent-soft)!important;color:var(--ar-accent)!important;
  font-family:var(--mono);font-size:.66rem!important;letter-spacing:.16em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:.42rem .8rem!important;border-radius:999px}
.ar .ar-cat::before{content:"";width:.42rem;height:.42rem;border-radius:50%;background:var(--ar-accent)}
.ar .ar-head .eyebrow,.ar .ar-head .eyebrow a{color:var(--bone-55)!important}
.ar .ar-head .eyebrow::before{display:none!important}
.ar .ar-head .art-title{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:650;font-size:clamp(2.35rem,5.2vw,4.1rem)!important;line-height:1.04!important;letter-spacing:-.035em!important;max-width:none!important;color:var(--bone);text-wrap:balance;margin:0}
.ar .ar-head .art-standfirst{margin:1.3rem 0 0!important;font-family:var(--display);font-weight:500;font-size:clamp(1.15rem,1.7vw,1.4rem)!important;line-height:1.35;color:var(--ar-accent)!important;letter-spacing:-.01em}
.ar .ar-head .art-sub{margin:.8rem 0 0!important;font-size:clamp(1.08rem,1.5vw,1.25rem)!important;line-height:1.55!important;color:var(--bone-70)!important;max-width:46rem}
.ar-meta{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:.9rem 1.4rem;margin:2rem 0 0;padding:1.1rem 0 0;border-top:1px solid var(--line-strong)}
.ar-av{flex:none;width:2.4rem;height:2.4rem;border-radius:50%;display:grid;place-items:center;background:var(--ink-3);color:var(--bone);font:600 .66rem/1 var(--mono);letter-spacing:.04em;border:1px solid var(--line-strong)}
.ar-by{display:flex;flex-direction:column;line-height:1.3;margin-right:auto;min-width:12rem}
.ar-by b{font-weight:600;font-size:.95rem;color:var(--bone)}
.ar-by span{font-size:.82rem;color:var(--bone-55)}
.ar-rt{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:.7rem;letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--bone-55)}
.ar-langs{display:inline-flex;gap:.25rem;padding:.2rem;border:1px solid var(--line-strong);border-radius:999px}
.ar-langs a{font:600 .66rem/1 var(--mono);letter-spacing:.1em;padding:.42rem .6rem;border-radius:999px;color:var(--bone-55);text-decoration:none}
.ar-langs a:hover{color:var(--bone)}
.ar-langs a[aria-current]{background:var(--bone);color:var(--ink)}
/* ---------- hero video ---------- */
.ar-hero{max-width:64rem;margin:2.6rem auto 0}
.ar-vid{position:relative;display:block;aspect-ratio:16/9;border-radius:1.25rem;overflow:hidden;background:#0b0b0d;isolation:isolate;
  box-shadow:0 40px 90px -45px rgba(0,0,0,.7),0 0 0 1px var(--line-strong);text-decoration:none!important;border:0!important}
.ar-vid img,.ar-vid iframe{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;border:0;display:block}
.ar-vid img{transition:transform .8s cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.2,1),filter .4s}
.ar-vid::after{content:"";position:absolute;inset:0;background:linear-gradient(0deg,rgba(0,0,0,.35),rgba(0,0,0,0) 45%);pointer-events:none;transition:opacity .3s}
.ar-vid:hover img{transform:scale(1.02)}
.ar-play{position:absolute;right:1.6rem;bottom:1.6rem;z-index:2;width:4.6rem;height:4.6rem;border-radius:50%;display:grid;place-items:center;
  background:rgba(255,255,255,.16);backdrop-filter:blur(14px) saturate(1.4);-webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(14px) saturate(1.4);border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.35);transition:transform .25s,background .25s}
.ar-play svg{width:1.9rem;height:1.9rem;fill:#fff;margin-left:.2rem}
.ar-vid:hover .ar-play,.ar-vid:focus-visible .ar-play{transform:scale(1.07);background:var(--brand);border-color:var(--brand)}
.ar-vid:focus-visible{outline:3px solid var(--ar-accent);outline-offset:4px}
.ar-ext{position:absolute;right:7.1rem;bottom:2.95rem;z-index:2;font:600 .64rem/1 var(--mono);letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#fff;background:rgba(0,0,0,.55);padding:.5rem .7rem;border-radius:999px}
.ar-ext::after{content:" \2197"}
.ar-vid.is-live::after,.ar-vid.is-live .ar-play,.ar-vid.is-live .ar-ext{display:none}
.ar-hero figcaption{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.4rem 1rem;align-items:baseline;margin:.9rem .2rem 0;font-size:.82rem;color:var(--bone-55)}
.ar-vk{font:600 .64rem/1 var(--mono);letter-spacing:.16em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ar-accent)}
.ar-credit{margin-left:auto;font-size:.74rem}
.ar-credit a,.ar-portrait figcaption a,.ar-photo-credit a{color:inherit!important;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:var(--line-strong);text-underline-offset:2px}
.ar-parts{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(15rem,1fr));gap:1rem;margin-top:1.2rem}
.ar-part{display:grid;grid-template-columns:9.5rem 1fr;gap:.9rem;align-items:center;padding:.6rem;border:1px solid var(--line-strong);border-radius:1rem;background:var(--ink-2)}
.ar-part p{margin:0;font-size:.84rem;line-height:1.4;color:var(--bone-70)}
.ar-vid-s{border-radius:.7rem;box-shadow:none}
.ar-vid-s .ar-play{width:2.4rem;height:2.4rem;right:.6rem;bottom:.6rem}
.ar-vid-s .ar-play svg{width:1rem;height:1rem}
.ar-vid-s .ar-ext{display:none!important}
/* ---------- key figures (from the text) ---------- */
.ar .rx-figs{max-width:64rem;margin:2.4rem auto 0;padding:0 2rem}
.rx-figs-k{font:600 .64rem/1 var(--mono);letter-spacing:.16em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ar-accent);margin:0 0 .9rem}
.rx-figs ol{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:1rem}
.rx-figs li{padding:1.3rem 1.3rem 1.2rem;border:1px solid var(--line-strong);border-radius:1rem;background:var(--ink-2)}
.rx-figs b{display:block;font-family:var(--display);font-weight:650;font-size:clamp(2.2rem,3.6vw,3rem);line-height:1;letter-spacing:-.035em;color:var(--bone)}
.rx-figs span{display:block;margin-top:.55rem;font-size:.92rem;line-height:1.45;color:var(--bone-70)}
.rx-figs-src{margin:.8rem 0 0;font-size:.8rem;color:var(--bone-55)}
/* ---------- layout: contents rail | reading column | margin ---------- */
.ar-wrap{max-width:80rem;margin:0 auto;padding:0 2rem;display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,13rem) minmax(0,var(--ar-col)) minmax(0,13rem);gap:3.5rem;justify-content:center;align-items:start}
.ar-main{grid-column:2;min-width:0}
.ar .ar-main .art-body{max-width:none!important;margin:3rem 0 0!important;padding:0!important;width:auto!important}
.ar-toc{grid-column:1;grid-row:1;position:sticky;top:6.5rem;margin-top:3.2rem;max-height:calc(100vh - 8rem);overflow:auto;padding-right:.4rem;scrollbar-width:thin}
.ar-toc-k{font:600 .64rem/1 var(--mono);letter-spacing:.16em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--bone-55);margin:0 0 .9rem}
.ar-toc ol,.ar-mtoc ol{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}
.ar-toc ol{border-left:1px solid var(--line-strong)}
.ar-toc li a{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.7rem 1fr;padding:.36rem 0 .36rem .8rem;margin-left:-1px;border-left:2px solid transparent;font-size:.82rem;line-height:1.35;color:var(--bone-55);text-decoration:none;transition:color .2s,border-color .2s}
.ar-toc li a i{font-style:normal;font-family:var(--mono);font-size:.64rem;padding-top:.15rem;color:var(--bone-35)}
.ar-toc li a i:empty{visibility:hidden}
.ar-toc li.sub a{padding-left:2.5rem;grid-template-columns:1fr;font-size:.78rem}
.ar-toc li a:hover{color:var(--bone)}
.ar-toc li a.on{color:var(--bone);border-left-color:var(--ar-accent)}
.ar-toc li a.on i{color:var(--ar-accent)}
.ar-toc-more{margin:1.3rem 0 0}
.ar-toc-more a{font-size:.8rem;color:var(--bone-55);text-decoration:none}
.ar-toc-more a:hover{color:var(--ar-accent)}
.ar-mtoc{display:none;margin:2rem 0 0;border:1px solid var(--line-strong);border-radius:1rem;background:var(--ink-2)}
.ar-mtoc summary{cursor:pointer;list-style:none;padding:1rem 1.1rem;font:600 .68rem/1 var(--mono);letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--bone);display:flex;justify-content:space-between}
.ar-mtoc summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}
.ar-mtoc summary::after{content:"+";color:var(--ar-accent);font-size:1rem;line-height:.6}
.ar-mtoc[open] summary::after{content:"\2212"}
.ar-mtoc ol{padding:0 1.1rem 1rem}
.ar-mtoc li a{display:block;padding:.5rem 0;font-size:.95rem;color:var(--bone-70);text-decoration:none;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}
.ar-mtoc li a i{font-style:normal;font-family:var(--mono);font-size:.7rem;color:var(--ar-accent);margin-right:.6rem}
.ar-mtoc li.sub a{padding-left:1.6rem;font-size:.88rem}
/* thesis note */
.ar .fa-series{max-width:none!important;width:auto!important;margin:3.2rem 0 0!important}
/* ---------- body typography ---------- */
.ar .fa-body{font-size:1.19rem!important;line-height:1.72!important;color:var(--ar-text)!important;font-family:var(--sans);-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;hanging-punctuation:first}
.ar .fa-body p,.ar .fa-body li{color:var(--ar-text)}
.ar .fa-body>p,.ar .fa-body .fa-ch>p,.ar .fa-body .sub>p{margin:0 0 1.35em!important;max-width:none!important}
.ar .fa-body strong{color:var(--bone);font-weight:600}
.ar .fa-body a:not(.cite):not(.fa-q):not(.ar-vid){color:var(--bone);text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:color-mix(in srgb,var(--ar-accent) 60%,transparent);text-underline-offset:3px;text-decoration-thickness:1px}
.ar .fa-body a:not(.cite):not(.fa-q):not(.ar-vid):hover{text-decoration-color:var(--ar-accent)}
.ar .fa-body>.art-lede{font-size:1.42rem!important;line-height:1.55!important;color:var(--bone)!important;letter-spacing:-.012em;font-family:var(--display);margin-bottom:1.4em!important}
.ar .fa-body>.art-lede::first-letter{float:left;font-family:var(--display);font-weight:650;font-size:4.9rem;line-height:.8;padding:.4rem .7rem 0 0;color:var(--ar-accent)}
/* section breaks */
.ar .fa-ch{margin-top:5rem!important;padding-top:0!important;border-top:0!important;position:relative}
.ar .fa-ch::before{content:"";display:block;width:100%;height:1px;margin:0 0 3rem;background:linear-gradient(90deg,var(--ar-accent) 0 3.5rem,var(--line-strong) 3.5rem)}
.ar .fa-ch>h2{display:block!important;font-family:var(--display)!important;font-weight:650!important;font-size:clamp(1.75rem,2.9vw,2.35rem)!important;line-height:1.12!important;letter-spacing:-.028em!important;color:var(--bone)!important;margin:0 0 1.4rem!important;text-wrap:balance}
.ar .fa-ch>h2 .chn{display:block!important;font-family:var(--mono)!important;font-weight:600!important;font-size:.72rem!important;line-height:1!important;letter-spacing:.18em!important;color:var(--ar-accent)!important;margin:0 0 .9rem!important;transform:none!important;opacity:1!important}
.ar .fa-ch>h2 .chn::after{content:" /"}
.ar .fa-body .sub{margin-top:2.6rem!important}
.ar .fa-body .sub>h3{font-family:var(--display)!important;font-weight:600!important;font-size:1.36rem!important;line-height:1.25!important;letter-spacing:-.018em!important;color:var(--bone)!important;margin:0 0 .9rem!important}
.ar .fa-body .sub::after,.ar .fa-ch::after{content:"";display:block;clear:both}
.ar .fa-body ul,.ar .fa-body ol:not(.ar-x){padding-left:1.3em}
.ar .fa-body li{margin:.45em 0}
.ar .fa-body hr{border:0;height:auto;margin:4rem 0 3rem!important;text-align:center;background:none!important;overflow:visible}
.ar .fa-body hr::after{content:"\2022  \2022  \2022";letter-spacing:.6em;color:var(--bone-35);font-size:.9rem}
/* figures, charts, diagrams: wider than the text on desktop */
.ar .fa-body figure.fig,.ar .fa-body .rx-tbl,.ar .fa-body .metrics,.ar .fa-body .findings,.ar .fa-body .stack,.ar .fa-body .scorecard,.ar .fa-body .migr{border-radius:1.1rem!important}
.ar .fa-body figure.fig{margin:2.6rem 0!important;padding:1.6rem 1.6rem 1.3rem!important;background:var(--ink-2)!important;border:1px solid var(--line-strong)!important;box-shadow:none!important}
.ar .fa-body .fig-head .kicker,.ar .fa-body .rx-tbl .kicker{font:600 .64rem/1 var(--mono)!important;letter-spacing:.16em!important;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ar-accent)!important}
.ar .fa-body .fig-head .fig-title{font-family:var(--display)!important;font-weight:600!important;font-size:1.2rem!important;letter-spacing:-.015em;color:var(--bone)!important}
.ar .fa-body .fig-cap,.ar .fa-body .fig-cap p,.ar .fa-body .m-src{font-size:.8rem!important;color:var(--bone-55)!important}
/* video frames inside the text: side images on wide screens */
.ar .fa-body .fa-img{margin:2.6rem 0!important;clear:both}
.ar .fa-body .fa-img img{border-radius:1rem;width:100%;height:auto;display:block;box-shadow:0 26px 60px -34px rgba(0,0,0,.6)}
.ar .fa-body .fa-img figcaption{margin-top:.6rem;font-size:.74rem!important;color:var(--bone-55)!important}
@media (min-width:1280px){
 .ar .fa-body figure.fig,.ar .fa-body .rx-tbl,.ar .fa-body .metrics,.ar .fa-body .findings,.ar .fa-body .scorecard,.ar .fa-body .migr,.ar .fa-body .fa-img:not(.ar-side){margin-right:-9rem!important}
 .ar .fa-body .fa-img.ar-side{float:right;clear:right;width:24rem;margin:.4rem -15rem 1.4rem 2rem!important}
 .ar .fa-body .ar-portrait{float:right;clear:right;width:17rem;margin:.4rem -15rem 1.2rem 2rem!important}
}
/* licensed portrait */
.ar .fa-body .ar-portrait{margin:2.2rem 0}
.ar .fa-body .ar-portrait img{width:100%;height:auto;display:block;border-radius:1rem;aspect-ratio:16/10;object-fit:cover}
.ar .fa-body .ar-portrait figcaption{margin-top:.55rem;font-size:.74rem;line-height:1.4;color:var(--bone-55)}
/* pull quotes */
.ar .fa-body .rx-pull{margin:3rem 0!important;padding:0 0 0 1.6rem!important;border-left:3px solid var(--ar-accent)!important;clear:both;background:none!important}
.ar .fa-body .rx-pull p{margin:0!important;font-family:var(--display);font-weight:600;font-size:clamp(1.55rem,2.6vw,2.05rem)!important;line-height:1.22!important;letter-spacing:-.025em;color:var(--bone)!important;text-wrap:balance}
.ar .fa-body .rx-pull.rx-rail{display:none}
@media (min-width:1360px){.ar .fa-body .rx-pull.rx-rail{display:block;float:right;clear:right;width:12.5rem;margin:.3rem -16rem 1rem 0!important;padding-left:1rem!important;border-left-width:2px!important}
 .ar .fa-body .rx-pull.rx-rail p{font-size:1.2rem!important;line-height:1.28!important}}
/* views: Andrea's / Monarchy's view cards read like pull quotes */
.ar .fa-body .card-av:not(.inl),.ar .fa-body .card-mv:not(.inl){position:relative;margin:3rem 0!important;padding:1.8rem 1.8rem 1.6rem!important;border:0!important;border-radius:1.2rem!important;background:var(--ink-2)!important;box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px var(--line-strong)!important;border-left:0!important}
.ar .fa-body .card-av:not(.inl)::after,.ar .fa-body .card-mv:not(.inl)::after{content:"\201C";position:absolute;right:1.4rem;top:.4rem;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:4.8rem;line-height:1;color:var(--ar-accent);opacity:.85}
.ar .fa-body .card-av:not(.inl) .card-body p,.ar .fa-body .card-mv:not(.inl) .card-body p{font-family:var(--display);font-size:1.3rem!important;line-height:1.45!important;letter-spacing:-.012em;color:var(--bone)!important}
.ar .fa-body .card .card-label{font:600 .64rem/1 var(--mono)!important;letter-spacing:.16em!important;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ar-accent)!important}
.ar .fa-body .card .mark{background:var(--ar-accent)!important;color:#fff!important;border-color:transparent!important}
/* tables */
.ar .fa-body .rx-tbl{margin:2.6rem 0!important;padding:1.5rem 1.5rem 1.2rem;border:1px solid var(--line-strong);background:var(--ink-2);clear:both}
.rx-tbl .fig-head{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:.35rem;margin-bottom:1rem}
.rx-tbl .fig-title{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:600;font-size:1.2rem;letter-spacing:-.015em;color:var(--bone)}
.rx-tbl .tw{overflow-x:auto;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch}
.rx-tbl table{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:.95rem;line-height:1.45}
.rx-tbl th,.rx-tbl td{padding:.8rem .9rem;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line-strong)}
.rx-tbl thead th{font:600 .64rem/1.3 var(--mono);letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--bone-55);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line-strong)}
.rx-tbl thead th.hi{color:var(--ar-accent);border-bottom:2px solid var(--ar-accent)}
.rx-tbl tbody th{font-weight:600;color:var(--bone);font-size:.88rem}
.rx-tbl td{color:var(--bone-70)}
.rx-tbl td.hi{color:var(--bone);background:var(--ar-accent-soft)}
.rx-tbl tr.total th,.rx-tbl tr.total td{border-bottom:0;font-family:var(--display);font-weight:600;font-size:1.05rem;color:var(--bone)}
.rx-tbl tr.total td.hi{color:var(--ar-accent)}
.rx-tbl td.nil{color:var(--bone-35)}
.rx-tbl .fig-src{margin:.9rem 0 0;font-size:.8rem;color:var(--bone-55)}
/* ---------- footnotes ---------- */
.ar .fa-body a.cite{display:inline-block;vertical-align:super;font:600 .62em/1 var(--mono)!important;min-width:1.45em;padding:.18em .32em;margin-left:.12em;border-radius:.45em;text-align:center;
  color:var(--ar-accent)!important;background:var(--ar-accent-soft)!important;text-decoration:none!important;border:0!important;position:relative;top:-.1em;transition:background .2s,color .2s}
.ar .fa-body a.cite:hover,.ar .fa-body a.cite:focus-visible{background:var(--ar-accent)!important;color:#fff!important}
.ar .fa-body a.cite+a.cite{margin-left:.18em}
.ar-tip{position:absolute;z-index:60;max-width:22rem;padding:.85rem 1rem;border-radius:.8rem;background:var(--ink-3);color:var(--bone-70);border:1px solid var(--line-strong);box-shadow:0 20px 50px -20px rgba(0,0,0,.55);font-size:.82rem;line-height:1.45;pointer-events:none;opacity:0;transform:translateY(4px);transition:opacity .15s,transform .15s}
.ar-tip.on{opacity:1;transform:none}
.ar-tip b{color:var(--ar-accent);font-family:var(--mono);margin-right:.4rem}
.ar .fa-body .ar-notes{margin:4rem 0 0!important;padding:2rem 0 0!important;border-top:1px solid var(--line-strong)!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-notes h2{font:600 .7rem/1 var(--mono)!important;letter-spacing:.18em!important;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--bone)!important;margin:0 0 1.4rem!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-notes ol{list-style:none!important;counter-reset:arn;padding:0!important;margin:0!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-notes li{counter-increment:arn;position:relative;padding:0 0 0 2.6rem!important;margin:0 0 1rem!important;font-size:.86rem!important;line-height:1.55!important;color:var(--bone-70)!important;border-radius:.6rem;transition:background .6s}
.ar .fa-body .ar-notes li::before{content:counter(arn);position:absolute;left:0;top:.05rem;min-width:1.7rem;height:1.45rem;padding:0 .3rem;border-radius:.45rem;display:grid;place-items:center;font:600 .68rem/1 var(--mono);color:var(--ar-accent);background:var(--ar-accent-soft)}
.ar .fa-body .ar-notes li::marker{content:none}
.ar .fa-body .ar-notes li a{color:var(--bone-55)!important;word-break:break-word;text-decoration-color:var(--line-strong)!important;border:0!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-notes li:target,.ar .fa-body .ar-notes li.ar-hl{background:var(--ar-accent-soft);box-shadow:0 0 0 .5rem var(--ar-accent-soft)}
.ar .fa-body .ar-notes .ar-back{margin-left:.4rem;font-family:var(--mono);font-size:.78rem;color:var(--ar-accent)!important;text-decoration:none!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-photo-credit{margin:1.2rem 0 0!important;padding-left:2.6rem;font-size:.8rem!important;color:var(--bone-55)!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-photo-credit a{color:inherit!important}
.ar .fa-body .art-series,.ar .fa-body .art-series em{font-size:.9rem!important;line-height:1.55!important;color:var(--bone-55)!important}
.ar .fa-body>hr{display:none}
.ar .fa-body .fa-about{margin-top:2.4rem!important;border-radius:1rem!important}
/* questions at the end */
.ar .ar-qs{margin:4rem 0 1rem}
.ar .ar-qs .fa-faq{width:auto!important;max-width:none!important;margin:0 0 1rem!important}
.ar .ar-qs a.fa-q{border-bottom:0}
/* ---------- related cards ---------- */
.ar .ar-more{max-width:72rem!important;margin:6rem auto 0!important;padding:3rem 2rem 0!important;border-top:1px solid var(--line-strong)}
.ar .ar-more .res-sec-head h2{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:650;font-size:clamp(1.6rem,2.6vw,2.1rem)!important;letter-spacing:-.028em}
.ar .ar-more .res-grid{display:grid!important;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr))!important;gap:1.4rem!important}
.ar .ar-more .res-card{border-radius:1.2rem!important;overflow:hidden;background:var(--ink-2)!important;border:1px solid var(--line-strong)!important;transition:transform .35s cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.2,1),box-shadow .35s,border-color .35s;position:relative;display:flex;flex-direction:column}
.ar .ar-more .res-card:hover{transform:translateY(-4px);box-shadow:0 30px 60px -36px rgba(0,0,0,.55);border-color:color-mix(in srgb,var(--ar-accent) 45%,var(--line-strong))!important}
.ar .ar-more .res-cover{display:block;aspect-ratio:16/9;overflow:hidden;border-radius:0!important;margin:0!important}
.ar .ar-more .res-cover img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;display:block;transition:transform .8s cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.2,1)}
.ar .ar-more .res-card:hover .res-cover img{transform:scale(1.04)}
.ar .ar-more .res-card-body{padding:1.2rem 1.3rem 1.5rem!important}
.ar .ar-more .res-meta b{color:var(--ar-accent)!important;font:600 .62rem/1 var(--mono)!important;letter-spacing:.16em;text-transform:uppercase}
.ar .ar-more .res-card h3{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:600;font-size:1.12rem!important;line-height:1.28!important;letter-spacing:-.015em;margin:.7rem 0 .55rem!important}
.ar .ar-more .res-card h3 a{color:var(--bone)!important;text-decoration:none!important}
.ar .ar-more .res-card h3 a::after{content:"";position:absolute;inset:0}
.ar .ar-more .res-card-body>p:not(.res-meta){font-size:.9rem!important;line-height:1.5!important;color:var(--bone-55)!important;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp:3;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;overflow:hidden}
/* reading progress */
.ar-prog{position:fixed;left:0;top:0;height:3px;width:100%;transform-origin:0 50%;transform:scaleX(0);background:var(--tysk-blue);z-index:1001;pointer-events:none}
/* ---------- responsive ---------- */
@media (max-width:1199px){
 .ar-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);max-width:44rem;padding:0 1.5rem;gap:0}
 .ar-main{grid-column:1}
 .ar-toc{display:none}
 .ar-mtoc{display:block}
}
@media (max-width:760px){
 .ar{padding-top:4.4rem!important}
 .ar-top{padding:0 1.25rem}
 .ar .ar-head{margin-top:2rem}
 .ar .ar-head .art-title{font-size:2.2rem!important;line-height:1.08!important}
 .ar-meta{gap:.8rem 1rem}
 .ar-by{min-width:0;flex:1 1 calc(100% - 3.5rem)}
 .ar-hero{margin-top:1.8rem}
 .ar-vid{border-radius:.9rem}
 .ar-play{width:3.4rem;height:3.4rem;right:.9rem;bottom:.9rem}
 .ar-wrap{padding:0 1.25rem}
 .ar .fa-body{font-size:1.08rem!important;line-height:1.68!important}
 .ar .fa-body>.art-lede{font-size:1.24rem!important}
 .ar .fa-body>.art-lede::first-letter{font-size:3.9rem}
 .ar .fa-ch{margin-top:3.8rem!important}
 .ar .fa-ch::before{margin-bottom:2.2rem}
 .ar .fa-body figure.fig{padding:1.2rem 1rem 1rem!important;margin-left:-.25rem!important;margin-right:-.25rem!important}
 .ar .fa-body .card-av:not(.inl),.ar .fa-body .card-mv:not(.inl){padding:1.4rem 1.2rem!important}
 .ar .fa-body .card-av:not(.inl) .card-body p,.ar .fa-body .card-mv:not(.inl) .card-body p{font-size:1.14rem!important}
 .ar .rx-figs{padding:0 1.25rem}
 .rx-figs ol{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:.6rem}
 .rx-figs li{padding:.9rem .75rem}
 .rx-figs b{font-size:1.75rem}
 .rx-figs span{font-size:.76rem}
 .rx-tbl{padding:1.1rem .9rem .9rem!important}
 .rx-tbl th,.rx-tbl td{padding:.6rem .5rem;font-size:.86rem}
 .ar .ar-more{padding:2.4rem 1.25rem 0!important;margin-top:4rem!important}
 .ar .ar-more .res-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr!important}
 .ar .ar-more .res-card{display:grid!important;grid-template-columns:7.5rem 1fr}
 .ar .ar-more .res-cover{aspect-ratio:auto;height:100%}
 .ar .ar-more .res-card-body{padding:.9rem 1rem 1rem!important}
 .ar .ar-more .res-card h3{font-size:1rem!important;margin:.45rem 0 0!important}
 .ar .ar-more .res-card-body>p:not(.res-meta){display:none}
 .ar-part{grid-template-columns:7.5rem 1fr}
 .ar-credit{margin-left:0}
}
@media (min-width:761px) and (max-width:1023px){.ar .ar-more .res-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))!important}}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.ar *{transition:none!important}}
@media print{.ar-toc,.ar-mtoc,.ar-prog,.ar-hero,.ar-tip{display:none!important}}
.ar .fa-body .card-mv:not(.inl)::before{display:none}
.ar .fa-body figure.fig,.ar .fa-body .rx-tbl,.ar .fa-body .metrics,.ar .fa-body .stack,.ar .fa-body .scorecard{max-width:none!important}
@media (max-width:760px){.ar .ar-more .res-cover img{object-position:18% 50%}}
@media (max-width:760px){.ar-ext{right:5rem;bottom:1.95rem;font-size:.56rem;padding:.42rem .6rem}}
/* ===== 1027c: earlier rich layout restored (Andrea): title left + video top right, left sticky menu with questions ===== */
.ar-top{max-width:86rem}
.ar-mast{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.02fr) minmax(0,1fr);gap:clamp(2rem,4vw,4rem);align-items:center;padding:clamp(1.6rem,4vw,3.2rem) 0 clamp(1.6rem,3vw,2.6rem)}
.ar .ar-mast .ar-head{max-width:none;margin:0}
.ar .ar-mast .ar-head .art-title{font-size:clamp(2.3rem,4.2vw,3.9rem)!important}
.ar-mast .ar-hero{max-width:none;margin:0}
.ar-mast .ar-parts{grid-template-columns:1fr}
@media (min-width:1200px){.ar-wrap{max-width:86rem}}
.ar-rq{margin-top:1.8rem;padding-top:1.4rem;border-top:1px solid var(--line-strong)}
.ar-rq ol{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;counter-reset:rq;border:0!important}
.ar-rq li{counter-increment:rq}
.ar-rq li a{display:grid!important;grid-template-columns:1.7rem 1fr;padding:.4rem 0!important;margin:0!important;border:0!important;font-size:.8rem;line-height:1.38;color:var(--bone-70);text-decoration:none}
.ar-rq li a::before{content:counter(rq,decimal-leading-zero);font:600 .62rem/1.9 var(--mono);color:var(--ar-accent)}
.ar-rq li a:hover{color:var(--ar-accent)}
.ar-toc{top:5.8rem;max-height:calc(100vh - 7rem)}
@media (min-width:1200px){.ar .ar-qs #questions{display:none!important}}
@media (max-width:1099px){
 .ar-mast{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);max-width:46rem;margin:0 auto;gap:1.8rem}
}
/* mobile/tablet: "In this article" bar, sticky under the nav */
.ar-mtoc{position:sticky;top:4.6rem;z-index:30;max-width:44rem;margin:1.6rem auto 0;width:calc(100% - 2.5rem);background:color-mix(in srgb,var(--ink-2) 92%,transparent);backdrop-filter:blur(14px);-webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(14px)}
.ar-mtoc[open]{max-height:calc(100vh - 6rem);overflow:auto}
.ar-mtoc .ar-rq{margin:0 1.1rem 1rem;padding-top:1rem}
.ar-mtoc .ar-rq li a{font-size:.9rem;border-top:1px solid var(--line)!important;padding:.5rem 0!important}
@media (min-width:1200px){.ar-mtoc{display:none!important}}
@media (min-width:1200px){.ar-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,15rem) minmax(0,var(--ar-col)) minmax(0,1fr);justify-content:start}
 .ar .rx-figs{max-width:86rem;padding-left:calc(2rem + 15rem + 3.5rem);padding-right:2rem}
 .ar .rx-figs ol{max-width:calc(var(--ar-col) + 9rem)}}
/* ===== self-assessment (scorecard) ===== */
.ar .fa-body .scorecard.ar-sc{overflow:visible!important;background:var(--ink-2)!important;border:1px solid var(--line-strong)!important;border-radius:1.2rem!important;margin:2.6rem 0!important}
.ar-sc-intro{position:sticky;top:4.6rem;z-index:5;padding:1.2rem 1.5rem 1rem;background:var(--ink-2);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line-strong);border-radius:1.2rem 1.2rem 0 0}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc-how{margin:0 0 .9rem!important;font-size:.95rem!important;line-height:1.5!important;color:var(--bone)!important}
.ar-sc-bar{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:1rem}
.ar-sc-prog{flex:1;height:6px;border-radius:99px;background:var(--line-strong);overflow:hidden}
.ar-sc-prog span{display:block;height:100%;width:0;background:var(--ar-accent);border-radius:99px;transition:width .35s}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc-live{margin:0!important;font:600 .8rem/1 var(--mono)!important;color:var(--bone-70)!important;white-space:nowrap}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc-live span{text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.12em;font-size:.66rem}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc-live b{font-size:1.15rem;color:var(--bone)}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc .sc-group{padding:1.2rem 1.5rem .4rem!important;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line-strong)!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc .sc-gt{color:var(--ar-accent)!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc .sc-row{grid-template-columns:2rem 1fr auto!important;gap:1rem!important;padding:1rem 0!important;border-top:1px solid var(--line)!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc .sc-row.is-done .sc-n{color:var(--ar-accent)!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc .sc-s{font-size:1rem!important;color:var(--bone)!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc .sc-seg{gap:.3rem!important;padding:.25rem!important;background:var(--ink)!important;border:1px solid var(--line-strong)!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc .sc-seg button{width:auto!important;height:auto!important;min-width:4.6rem;padding:.45rem .6rem!important;display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;gap:.15rem;color:var(--bone-70)!important;border-radius:.8rem!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc .sc-seg button b{font:600 .95rem/1 var(--mono)}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc .sc-seg button small{font:500 .64rem/1.1 var(--sans);letter-spacing:.01em;white-space:nowrap}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc .sc-seg button:hover{background:var(--ink-3)!important;color:var(--bone)!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc .sc-seg button[aria-checked=true]{background:var(--ar-accent)!important;color:#fff!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc .sc-seg button:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--ar-accent);outline-offset:2px}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc .sc-result{position:static!important;background:var(--ink-3)!important;border-radius:0 0 1.2rem 1.2rem;padding:1.6rem 1.5rem!important;grid-template-columns:9rem 1fr!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc .sc-gauge{width:8.5rem!important;height:8.5rem!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc .sc-gauge circle{fill:none!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc .sc-gauge .g-bg{stroke:var(--line-strong)!important;stroke-width:10}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc .sc-gauge .g-fg{stroke:var(--ar-accent)!important;stroke-width:10;stroke-linecap:round;stroke-dasharray:326.7;transition:stroke-dashoffset .5s}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc .sc-total{padding-top:0!important;align-items:center!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc .sc-total span{color:var(--bone)!important;font-family:var(--display)!important;font-weight:650!important;font-size:2.6rem!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc .sc-total small{color:var(--bone-55)!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc .band{color:var(--bone-70)!important;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--line)!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc .band.on{background:var(--ar-accent-soft)!important;border-color:var(--ar-accent)!important;color:var(--bone)!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc .band.on .band-r{color:var(--ar-accent)!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc .sc-count{color:var(--bone-55)!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc button.ar-sc-reset,.ar .fa-body .ar-sc .btn.ghost.ar-sc-reset{display:inline-flex!important;align-items:center;position:static!important;margin:.4rem 0 0!important;padding:.6rem 1rem!important;border-radius:999px!important;border:1px solid var(--line-strong)!important;background:transparent!important;color:var(--bone)!important;font:600 .82rem/1 var(--sans)!important;cursor:pointer;transform:none!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc-reset:hover{border-color:var(--bone-55)!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc-reset:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--ar-accent);outline-offset:2px}
.ar-sc-done{margin:0 0 1rem;padding:1.2rem;border-radius:1rem;background:var(--ink-2);border:1px solid var(--ar-accent)}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc-done-k{margin:0 0 .7rem!important;font:600 .66rem/1 var(--mono)!important;letter-spacing:.16em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ar-accent)!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc-done .band{border:0!important;background:none!important;padding:0!important;font-size:1rem!important;color:var(--bone)!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc-next{margin:.9rem 0 .7rem!important;font-size:.92rem!important;color:var(--bone-70)!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc-cta{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;padding:.8rem 1.3rem;border-radius:999px;background:var(--brand);color:#fff!important;font:600 .92rem/1 var(--sans);text-decoration:none!important}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc-cta:hover{background:var(--brand-solid)}
.ar .fa-body .ar-sc.is-complete .sc-side>.bands{display:none}
@media (max-width:760px){
 .ar-sc-intro{padding:1rem;top:4.2rem}
 .ar .fa-body .ar-sc .sc-group{padding:1rem 1rem .3rem!important}
 .ar .fa-body .ar-sc .sc-row{grid-template-columns:1.6rem 1fr!important;gap:.6rem!important}
 .ar .fa-body .ar-sc .sc-seg{grid-column:1/-1!important;justify-self:stretch!important;display:grid!important;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}
 .ar .fa-body .ar-sc .sc-seg button{min-width:0}
 .ar .fa-body .ar-sc .sc-result{grid-template-columns:1fr!important;justify-items:start;padding:1.2rem 1rem!important}
 .ar .fa-body .ar-sc .sc-gauge{width:7rem!important;height:7rem!important}
 .ar .fa-body .ar-sc .sc-total span{font-size:2.1rem!important}
}
@media (max-width:1199px){.ar-sc-intro{top:8.2rem}}
.ar-hero-img img{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;aspect-ratio:16/9;object-fit:cover;border-radius:.9rem;background:#0b0b0d}